Anti-inflammatory

Anti-inflammatory agents reduce inflammation and are crucial in the treatment of various conditions causing inflammation. They can be classified into non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which relieve pain and reduce fever and inflammation, and steroids, which are more potent. These agents work by inhibiting the body’s inflammatory pathways.

Anti-inflammatory Medications:

• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) counteract the COX enzyme to alleviate pain and prevent the synthesis of prostaglandins, reducing inflammation.
• Common examples include aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen.
• Paracetamol, unlike NSAIDs, blocks endocannabinoid reuptake to reduce pain.
• NSAIDs, except aspirin, can cause gastric erosions, ulcers, and severe bleeding.
• Long-term NSAID use can lead to gastric erosions, stomach ulcers, and an increased risk of death from GI bleeding.

Alternative Anti-inflammatory Approaches:

• Antileukotrienes are used for lung diseases like asthma and COPD, functioning as leukotriene-related enzyme inhibitors or receptor antagonists.
• Immune selective anti-inflammatory derivatives (ImSAIDs) alter inflammatory cell activation and migration, modulating systemic inflammation and immune responses.
• Bioactive compounds like plumericin, eugenol, and menthol have potent anti-inflammatory properties.
• Ice treatment, rest, compression, and elevation are common approaches for pain management with anti-inflammatory effects.
• Health supplements like bromelain, cannabichromene, honokiol, black seed, and St. John’s wort have anti-inflammatory properties.

Long-term Effects and Considerations:

• Anti-inflammatory treatments for Alzheimer’s disease show limited effectiveness.
• Regular aspirin use for over ten years may increase the risk of macular degeneration.
• Dietary patterns play a crucial role in modulating inflammation, with nutrition linked to oxidative stress and inflammation, and certain diets associated with lower inflammation levels.

Inflammation Management Strategies:

• Exercise has benefits mediated through skeletal muscle, releasing myokines that promote anti-inflammatory functions and reduce the risk of developing inflammatory diseases.
• Various interactions with NSAIDs, including the impact of excessive omega-6 consumption, alcohol, tobacco, and SSRI antidepressants on their efficacy.

Research and Studies on Inflammation:

• Various studies and research publications related to inflammation and cognitive function, dietary influence on inflammation, and the management of inflammatory conditions, providing insights into the complex interplay between inflammation, health, and treatment options.

Anti-inflammatory Data Sources