Linalool

Linalool is a naturally occurring terpene alcohol found in many flowers and spice plants, including cannabis. It’s known for its floral aroma with a touch of spiciness and is used in various commercial applications, primarily due to its scent. Linalool is present in over 200 species of plants and has antimicrobial and antifungal properties. It contributes to the aromatic profile of cannabis and is explored for potential therapeutic effects due to its scent characteristics and biological activities.

Biosynthesis of Linalool:

• Linalool in plants is formed from geranyl pyrophosphate.
• Linalool synthase (LIS) catalyzes the formation of linalool with stereoselectivity in substrate binding.
• Key compounds involved in linalool biosynthesis include geranyl diphosphate synthase (GDS) and stereogenic centers.

Properties and Uses:

• Linalool has a floral and spicy wood aroma, with a light, citrus-like flavor.
• Commonly used in perfumed hygiene products, cleaning agents, soaps, detergents, shampoos, and lotions.
• Exhibits antimicrobial and antifungal properties.

Chemical Derivatives and Applications:

• Hydrogenation of linalool produces fragrances like dihydro- and tetrahydrolinalool.
• Linalyl acetate, a popular scent, is derived from esterification of linalool.
• Isomerization of linalool yields geraniol and nerol, which are more resistant to oxidants.
• Chemical derivatives of linalool are used in household cleaning products.

Safety and Regulations:

• Linalool can be absorbed through inhalation, oral intake, or skin absorption, potentially causing irritation, pain, or allergic reactions.
• Around 7% of people undergoing patch testing in Europe are allergic to oxidized linalool.
• Recognized as safe by the US FDA in synthetic flavoring substances, but safety precautions are necessary when handling linalool-containing products.

Related Concepts:

• Lavender oil is related to linalool.
• Terpenoids, including linalool, limonene, and menthol, are a diverse class of organic compounds found in plants with various medicinal properties.
• Patch testing is crucial for diagnosing allergic contact dermatitis, using fragrance markers like linalool.
• Synthetic flavoring substances are regulated under guidelines like 21 CFR 182.60, ensuring compliance for safety.

Linalool Data Sources