Hash oil

Hash Oil Composition and Production

• THC content varies based on plants and preparation techniques.
• Forms include liquid, shatter, wax, and honeycomb wax.
• Historical THC content ranged from 10% to 30%.
• THC concentrations in hash oils in the 2010s reached up to 90%.
• Produced by solvent extraction using solvents like butane, ethanol, and olive oil.
• Resinoids often obtained using supercritical carbon dioxide extraction.
• Non-polar solvents like benzene and petroleum ether preferred for extraction.

Hash Oil History and Use

• Traditional methods in the nineteenth century involved hand-collected hashish and kief.
• Modern usage includes dabbing with devices like water pipes, vaporizers, and vape pens.
• Dab rigs use quartz buckets heated with a blowtorch for vaporization.
• Consumption methods include ingestion, smoking, and vaporization.
• Hash oil can be sold in prefilled atomizer cartridges for vaping.

Hash Oil Safety and Legality

• Health effects of use poorly documented, with concerns about impurities and additives.
• Hash oil production can be dangerous due to flammable solvents.
• Canada approved hash oil with up to 90% THC in 2018.
• US regulations for hash oil were not issued as of 2019.
• Risks of adulterated products like vitamin E acetate and synthetic cannabinoids.

Types of Hash Oil Extracts and Handling

• Different types include shatter, pull and snap, diamonds/live resin, crumble, and budder/wax.
• Safety concerns related to THC content and potential health issues.
• Handling precautions due to high THC concentrations and unknown side effects.
• Storage considerations to prevent degradation from air, warmth, and light exposure.

Research, Publications, and Legal Issues

• Studies on hash oil production techniques and dabbing insights.
• Research on cannabinoid pharmacokinetics, chemistry, and safety concerns.
• Legal and regulatory issues surrounding hash oil production and safety concerns.
• Publications addressing the dangers of dabbing and assessing hash oil use in various contexts.

Hash oil Data Sources